備考同等學(xué)力申碩的同學(xué)們大家好~今天我們練習(xí)一篇閱讀理解。在做題之前，我們回顧一下做題步驟：①通讀5個(gè)問題，知道文章的主體對(duì)象是什么；②找到題目定位點(diǎn)；③讀定位點(diǎn)前一句及后一句；④對(duì)比選項(xiàng)，得出答案。

【閱讀理解 · 題目】

　　Before the 1970s, college students were treated as children. So many colleges ran in loco parentis system. “In loco parentis” is a Latin term meaning “in the place of a parent”. It describes when someone else accepts responsibility to act in the interests of a child.

　　This idea developed long ago in British common law to define the responsibility of teachers toward their students. For years, American courts upheld in loco parentis in cases such as Gott versus Berea College in 1913.

　　Gott owned a restaurant off campus. Berea threatened to expel students who ate at places not owned by the school. The Kentucky high court decided that in loco parentis justified that rule.

　　In loco parentis meant that male and female college students usually had to live in separate buildings. Women had to be back at their dorms by ten or eleven on school nights.

　　But in the 1960s, students began to protest rules and restrictions like these. At the same time,courts began to support students who were being punished for political and social (dissent).

　　In 1960, Alabama State College expelled six students who took part in a civil rights demonstration. They sued the school and won. After that, it became harder and harder to defend in loco parentis.

　　At that time, students were not considered adults until 21. Then, in 1971, the 24th amendment to the Constitution set the voting age at eighteen. So in loco parentis no longer really applied.

　　Slowly, colleges began to treat students not as children, but as adults. Students came to be seen as consumers of educational services.

　　Gary Dickstein, an assistant vice president at Wright State University in Dayton, Ohio,says in loco parentis is not really gone. It just looks different. Today's parents, he says, are often heavily involved in students' lives. They are known as “helicopter parents”. They always seem to hover over their children. Gary Dickstein says these parents are likely to question decisions, especially about safety issues and grades. They want to make sure their financial investment is not being wasted.

1. Before the 1970s, many colleges ran in loco parentis system because(     ).

A.they could take the place of the students' parents

B.parents asked them to do it for the interests of their children

C.this was a tradition established by British colleges

D.college students were regarded as too young to be treated as adults

2. Who won the case of Gott versus Berea College in 1913?

A.Berea College.

B.Gott.

C.It was a win-win case.

D.The students.

3. The word “dissent” (Para. 5) probably means“(     )”.

A.extreme behaviors

B.violation of laws

C.strong disagreement

D.wrong doings

4. In 1960, the court ruled that Alabama State College(     ).

A.had no right to expel the students

B.was justified to have expelled the students

C.shouldn't interfere with students' daily life

D.should support civil rights demonstrations

5. According to Gary Dickstein, today's “helicopter parents”(     ).

A.don't set their hearts at rest with college administrators

B.keep a watchful eye on their children's life and study

C.care less about their children's education than before

D.have different opinions on their children's education

【閱讀理解 · 答案】

1.【答案】D

【解析】細(xì)節(jié)題。題干問的是在20世紀(jì)70年代之前，很多大學(xué)實(shí)行“代替父母”制度是因?yàn)?      )。根據(jù)文章第一段前兩句可知，在20世紀(jì)70年代以前，大學(xué)生被視為孩子。因此很多大學(xué)都實(shí)行“代替父母”制度。故選D(人們認(rèn)為大學(xué)生年齡太小，不能被看作成年人)。A項(xiàng)(它們可以代替學(xué)生的父母)是對(duì)“代替父母”制度的曲解，“代替父母”制度指的是除了父母之外的其他人擔(dān)負(fù)起照顧孩子利益的責(zé)任，并不是取代學(xué)生的父母，故排除。B項(xiàng)(為了孩子的利益，父母?jìng)円笏鼈冞@樣做的)文中未提及，故排除。C項(xiàng)(這是英國(guó)大學(xué)建立的傳統(tǒng))與文意不符，文中說的是這種觀念很早以前在英國(guó)普通法中就已提出，故排除。

2.【答案】A

【解析】推理題。題干問的是在1913年的戈特對(duì)伯里亞學(xué)院的訴訟案中誰(shuí)勝訴了。根據(jù)文章第三段最后一句可知，肯塔基州高等法院裁定，根據(jù)“代替父母”制度，伯里亞學(xué)院的規(guī)定是合理的。由此可知，是伯里亞學(xué)院勝訴了。故選A(伯里亞學(xué)院)。B項(xiàng)(戈特)、C項(xiàng)(這是個(gè)雙贏的案子)和D項(xiàng)(學(xué)生們)均與文章內(nèi)容不符，故排除。

3.【答案】C

【解析】語(yǔ)義題。題干問的是第五段中“dissent”這個(gè)詞的意思可能是(     )。文章第五段第一句提到，在20世紀(jì)60年代，學(xué)生們開始抗議這樣的規(guī)定和限制。接下來提到法院開始支持受罰的學(xué)生，由此可以推測(cè)，學(xué)生們受罰的原因是他們的抗議。dissent意為“意見的分歧，異議”，故選C(嚴(yán)重分歧)。A項(xiàng)(極端的行為)、B項(xiàng)(觸犯法律)和D項(xiàng)(錯(cuò)誤的行為)均與句意不符，故排除。

4.【答案】C

【解析】推理題。題干問的是在1960年，法院判定阿拉巴馬州立大學(xué)(      )。根據(jù)文章第六段可知，1960年，阿拉巴馬州立大學(xué)開除了6名參加民權(quán)游行的學(xué)生。這6名學(xué)生起訴了學(xué)校并且勝訴了。并且從那以后，為“代替父母”制度辯護(hù)變得越來越難。由此可知，法院不支持學(xué)校實(shí)行“代替父母”制度干預(yù)學(xué)生的日常生活，故選C(不應(yīng)干擾學(xué)生的日常生活)。A項(xiàng)(沒有權(quán)利開除學(xué)生)與文意不符，文中強(qiáng)調(diào)的是學(xué)校不能因?yàn)閷W(xué)生參加民權(quán)游行而開除他們，并不是學(xué)校沒有權(quán)利開除學(xué)生，故排除。B項(xiàng)(開除學(xué)生是合法的)文中未提及，故排除。D項(xiàng)(應(yīng)該支持民權(quán)游行)與文意不符，故排除。

5.【答案】B

【解析】細(xì)節(jié)題。題干問的是在加里·迪克斯坦看來，如今的“直升機(jī)式父母”(      )。根據(jù)文章最后一段第三句和第四句可知，加里·迪克斯坦說，如今的父母常常積極參與學(xué)生的生活。他們被稱為“直升機(jī)式父母”。故選B(密切關(guān)注孩子們的生活和學(xué)習(xí))。A項(xiàng)(不放心大學(xué)的管理)、C項(xiàng)(不像以前那么關(guān)心孩子的教育了)和D項(xiàng)(對(duì)孩子的教育有不同的看法)均與文章內(nèi)容不符，故排除。

很多同學(xué)拿到一篇閱讀理解后，第一反應(yīng)就是從逐字逐句讀完，然后看看問題，再根據(jù)問題重新讀文章選擇答案。這個(gè)流程非常耗費(fèi)時(shí)間，而且會(huì)遇到很多不認(rèn)識(shí)的單詞，看得頭昏腦漲也不知道該選什么。這種做題方法顯然是不正確的！針對(duì)不同的題型，我們有對(duì)應(yīng)的解題技巧，就像課上老師講的“細(xì)節(jié)題”該怎么做、“主旨題”又該怎么做、“語(yǔ)義題”的快速解法是什么……同學(xué)們要學(xué)以致用哦~隨時(shí)聯(lián)系老師，一起探討更多備考技巧！

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